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Efficient Synthesis of alpha-Aryl-/Heteroaryl-Substituted beta-Amino Acids via Ni(II) Complex through the Suzuki Coupling Reaction.

J Org Chem. 2009 Aug 7; 74(15): 5656-9Ding X, Ye D, Liu F, Deng G, Liu G, Luo X, Jiang H, Liu HWe described a synthesis method by first using chlorotrimethylsilane as the activator to brominate the Ni(II) complex of the beta-alanine Schiff's base [beta-AlaNi(II)PABA] 1 and developed it to prepare beta-amino acids 5. The procedure involves a Suzuki coupling reaction between boric acids and the bromoenone 2, followed by hydrogenation and hydrolysis. This is the first report of the application of the Ni (II) complex [beta-AlaNi(II)PABA], which represents an attractive route to afford alpha-aryl-/heteroaryl-substituted beta-amino acids.

Under pressure: homeopathy UK and its detractors.

Forsch Komplementmed. 2009 Aug; 16(4): 256-61Milgrom LRThough homeopathy has been in successful and continuous use for well over 200 years, in the United Kingdom it is under growing pressure, from scientific detractors and sections of the media. As such, homeopathy's free National Health Service provision is threatened because it is derided as 'unproven', 'unscientific', and even 'deadly'. While refuting these and other detractions, this paper considers possible reasons for the current plight of homeopathy UK. Thus, the current attacks against homeopathy should be viewed more in the context of the globalised pharmaceutical industry which is itself in crisis, and a succession of UK governments seemingly supine in the face of legislation originating from the European Union.

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